The Certificate of Origin (DPP Digital Product Passport) establishes the global uniqueness of that item; if replicated for counterfeiting purposes, it is considered a fake because that item has already been indexed and registered in the name of the rightful owner. With Ab Originis, we achieve the ultimate deterrent against counterfeiting of any goods, production chain, commercial documentation, transit of goods, and much more. The solution also applies to document exchange, enabling the electronic transmission of contractual documents that are, in fact, originals and also the only existing copy.